It is certainly hinted that some loyalists from the traitor Legions (specifically those with psychic powers) were used by the Emperor in the foundation of the Grey Knights and/or Inquisition (this may or may not have included Garro of the Death Guard). Have a look
here for the relevant quotes and discussion.
Apart from that, the fate of any other loyalists from the Traitor Legions remains unknown. The (few) marines that escaped from Istvaan on the Eisenstein, and any others who managed to escape the 'purging' of the Traitor Legions, may eventually be covered by later novels, but until then we just don't know what happened to them.